The presence of certain substances in the
nutrient medium induces the synthesis of
enzymes for their utilization in bacteria. An example
in Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the activation
of three enzymes for lactose catabolism by
lactose. Within 10 minutes after lactose is
added to the nutrient medium, the enzymes !-
galactosidase, !-galactoside permease, and !-
galactoside transacetylase increase manyfold
(1). !-Galactosidase is the enzyme that splits
lactose into galactose and glucose (2).
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